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Elizabeth
Spencer
Fire
In The Morning (1948)
This Crooked Way (1952)
The Voice At The Back Door (1956)
The Light In The Piazza (1960)
Knights and Dragons (1965)
No Place For An Angel (1967)
Ship Island and Other Stories (1968)
The Snare (1972)
The Stories Of Elizabeth Spencer (1981)
Marilee (1981)
The Salt Line (1984)
Jack of Diamonds And Other Stories (1988)
On the Gulf (1991)
The Night Travelers (1991)
Landscapes Of The Heart (Memoir/1998)
The Southern Woman: New and Selected Fiction (2001)
Elizabeth
Spencer was born in 1921 in Carrollton, Mississippi. Both of her
parents were descended from several generations of Carroll County
farmers and merchants. Spencer's Mississippi lineage was deep and
rich, and her upbringing was in the genteel Southern tradition befitting
a young lady from an established and comfortable family.
But
unlike many Mississippi writers, Spencer did not stay put. After
an education at Belhaven, where she established a lifelong friendship
with Eudora Welty, and a graduate degree from Vanderbilt, she moved
to Italy. While there, she met her husband, an Englishman, and moved
to Montreal. In 1986, Spencer and her husband returned to the South,
settling in North Carolina.
Spencer's
third novel, "The Voice At The Back Door," possibly her
best to date, created a controversy when published in 1956. The
story involves small town Mississippi politics, an election for
sheriff, and a black man accused of murdering a white man. The story
is set in mid-twentieth century Lacey, Mississippi at a time, both
in the story and in reality, when race relations were tense, boundaries
and traditional roles were in flux, and vigilante justice was still
an unspoken midnight option.
Spencer
wrote "The Voice At The Back Door" while living in Italy.
In an interview Spencer observed, "That distancing helped me
to sharpen the southern dialect in the book. You can't really know
what it is to be southern unless you know what it is not to be southern."
The
Mississippi Gulf Coast is a favorite place for Spencer. In her memoir,
"Landscapes Of The Heart" she writes, "If I could
have one part of the world back the way it used to be . . .I want
the Mississippi Gulf Coast back as it was before Hurricane Camille,
that wretched killer which struck in August 1969."
The
Coast is memorialized in one of Spencer's finest short stories,
"Ship Island", winner of one of the five O. Henry Prizes
she has been awarded over the years. Nancy, a young lady twenty
or so in years, has recently moved with her parents to a rental
home on the Coast.
There
is a mythical touch to the story as Nancy seeks a comfortable identity.
She is uncomfortable with her parents, and uneasy around her boyfriend
and his friends. On an excursion to Ship Island, "she had drifted
in the water like seaweed, with the tide combing her limbs and hair,
tugging her through lengths of fuzzy water growth." In this
scene and another on the mainland beach in a rainstorm, the ocean
serves as a liminal space, a physical experience that transforms
her inwardly and emboldens her will to express her uniqueness. Nancy's
moods and thoughts swell with the tides. She becomes as elusive
and mysterious as the ocean's mermaid. In the water, Nancy is unconstrained;
on land, she is marginalized and inferior.
Eudora
Welty writes about Spencer, "She can faultlessly set the social
scene; she takes delight in making the characters reveal themselves
through the most precise and telling particulars." Though I
first read "Ship Island" several years ago, Nancy still
rattles around in my thoughts, restless, immeasurable in some ways
as real people often are, and I wonder how she turned out as an
adult. Only a true to life, breathing character can live in a reader's
mind long after the story has been read.
Perhaps
for all of Spencer's many literary awards and honors the most telling
remains this - the discerning, critical, and difficult-to-please
Faulkner kept Spencer's first novel, "Fire In The Morning"
on his personal bookshelf at Rowan Oak, his Oxford home, where the
book still rests today. Nothing more need be said about Spencer's
permanence in Southern and American literature.
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